Douglas Hegdahl walked freely around the infamous “Hanoi Hilton” prison camp, one of many American prisoners of war held there in 1967.
He was sweeping the courtyards during the prison guards’ afternoon “siesta.” The guards called the American sailor who fell into their laps “The Incredibly Stupid One.” They believed he could neither read nor write and could barely even see. But the “stupid” Seaman Apprentice Hegdahl was slowly collecting intelligence, gathering prisoner data, and even sabotaging the enemy.
Related: This future Medal of Honor recipient started a spy ring while held in Hanoi Hilton
He even knew the prison’s location inside Hanoi.
Plucked Out of the South China Sea
A South Dakota native, Hegdahl was blown off the deck of the USS Canberra as the ship’s five-inch guns fired on nearby targets of opportunity. Once overboard, he floated in the South China Sea for 12 hours before fishermen picked him up. They turned Hegdahl over to the North Vietnamese.
Certain he could be tortured for information, the Communists tried to get Hegdahl to write anti-American and anti-war propaganda. They showed him similar documents that other, higher-ranking captives wrote for the North Vietnam. Hegdahl thought about it for a moment, then agreed. The Communists were amazed. No other captured American did this voluntarily. They went off to get ink and paper.
The young sailor was thinking quickly.
He figured the officers who wrote the propaganda material were probably coerced into doing it. Hegdahl decided the best thing he could do was play dumb. He was very, very successful. The North Vietnamese thought Hegdahl was a developmentally challenged “poor peasant” and set out to teach him to read and write. After failing at that, they wrote a confession for him to sign, which he did:
“Seaman Apprentice Douglas Brent Hegdahl III United States Navy Reserve, Commanding Officer, USS Canberra.”
Memorizing 256 POWs’ Names
The sailor was first put into a cell with Air Force officer Joe Crecca, who taught Hegdahl 256 names of other POWs and then taught him how to memorize the information to the tune of “Old McDonald.” After that, Hegdahl was imprisoned with Dick Stratton, the ranking officer for a time.
Because they thought Hegdahl so developmentally challenged, the Hỏa Lò Prison guards essentially gave him free rein to do a lot of the cleaning and sweeping around the prison yard. He was even allowed to clean up around the front gates of the prison itself. That’s how he later told U.S. intelligence where the prison could be found within the North Vietnamese capital.
But the sailor didn’t stop there. As the sailor swept the prison grounds, Hegdahl added a little bit of dirt to the gas tank of the nearest truck when the single guard assigned to him took his afternoon siesta. Over the course of his captivity, he disabled five NVA prison trucks this way.
Eventually, it came time for the NVA to offer early releases to some of the prisoners of the Hanoi Hilton. Even though there was a strict order among the POWs to not accept any early releases, Hegdahl was ordered to accept an early release—the only Hoa Lo prisoner ever ordered to do so—by his senior officer, Lt. Cmdr. Dick Stratton.
‘The Incredibly Stupid One’? Far from It
He was not only the most junior prisoner in the camp, he also had all the information the U.S. government needed to expedite the release of the POWs—all of them. He didn’t want to, but someone needed to tell the U.S. about the torture they were receiving there.
When he was released, Hegdahl recited the names of the 256 men shot down or captured in North Vietnam. He even could recall their dog’s name, kids’ names, and/or Social Security numbers. These were the means by which other POWs verified the information given. He picked up all of this information through tap code, deaf spelling code, and secret notes.
Released in 1969, Hegdahl accused the North Vietnamese of torture and murder of prisoners of war at the Paris Peace Talks in 1970. Flown there by H. Ross Perot, he accused the North Vietnam delegation of murdering Dick Stratton, assuring Lt. Cmdr. Stratton would be repatriated alive at the war’s end.
But the prisoners back in Hanoi didn’t have to wait long for treatment to change. Once Hegdahl described the treatment of POWs in public and to the media, the ones he left behind saw their treatment improve, receiving better rations and less brutality in their daily life.
In his memoirs, Stratton wrote of Hegdahl: “‘The Incredibly Stupid One,’ my personal hero, is the archetype of the innovative, resourceful and courageous American Sailor.”
